1. Reliability and service life
2. Efficiency/lumens per watt
Compared to standard incandescent lamps, LEDs can generate more light output per unit of electricity consumed. However, compared to halogen lamps, the actual advantage of LED light output is not significant. The latest LEDs have excellent lumen per watt values, but some values are obtained under optimized conditions rather than typically under maximum output conditions. Generally speaking, when the current of the LED increases, the light output does not increase linearly. Therefore, even if the LED outputs x lumens at 0.5A current, it will not output 2x lumens at 1.0A current.
3. Response speed
Taking brake lights and direction indicator tubes as an example, assuming a vehicle speed of 125 kilometers per hour, or 35 meters per second, the hot start time of the incandescent lights is about 250 milliseconds, and the responsive LED can issue a brake warning about 8 meters earlier, effectively avoiding car collisions. The same goes for indicator lights.
4. Directionality
Another key feature is the way LEDs emit light. Unlike incandescent lamps, LEDs only emit light through one surface, which is beneficial for headlight and navigation lighting applications, but may not be suitable for other lighting applications such as cabin lighting.